JSSC PGT 2018 (pgttce) English Subject Paper II Study Material

 As per notice published on JSSC website, JSSC PGT (PGTTCE) exam is going to held in the month of March; we have very less time to complete or thorough study of the text of prescribed books. Therefore, we have decided to come with the Daily Notes of English subject. We will be publishing each day with a new author or new topic, so that within the limited days we will have a good collection of materials.

                             Henry IV by William Shakespeare

Title & Publication

Henry IV is written in three parts, each has specific title: Part I was remained unpublished for a long period, the title was doubted throughout 18^th and 19^th century, and finally published in the First Folio 1623. Part II published in 1594 anonymously entitled as The First Part of the Contention betwixt the Two famous Houses of York and Lancaster…, and the Part III published in 1595 as The True Tragedy of Richard Duke of York, and the Death of Good King Henry the Sixth.

Source

The main sources of this play are the Chronicles of Edward Hall and Holinshed.

Major Characters

King Henry IV -  The ruling king of England.

Prince Harry -  King Henry IV’s son, who will eventually become King Henry V.

Hotspur -  The son and heir of the Earl of Northumberland and the nephew of the Earl of Worcester.

Sir John Falstaff -  A fat old man between the ages of about fifty and sixty-five who hangs around in taverns on the wrong side of London and makes his living as a thief, highwayman, and mooch.

Earl of Westmoreland -  A nobleman and military leader who is a close companion and valuable ally of King Henry IV.

Lord John of Lancaster -  The younger son of King Henry and the younger brother of Prince Harry. John proves himself wise and valiant in battle, despite his youth.

Sir Walter Blunt  - A loyal and trusted ally of the king and a valuable warrior.

Thomas Percy, Earl of Worcester -  Hotspur’s uncle. Shrewd and manipulative, Worcester is the mastermind behind the Percy rebellion.

Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland -  Hotspur’s father.

 Edmund Mortimer, called the Earl of March  - The Welsh rebel Owain Glyndwr’s son-in-law.

Owain Glyndwr -  The leader of the Welsh rebels and the father of Lady Mortimer.

 Archibald, Earl of Douglas -  The leader of the large army of Scottish rebels against King Henry.

Sir Richard Vernon -  A relative and ally of the Earl of Worcester.

The Archbishop of York -  The archbishop, whose given name is Richard Scrope, has a grievance against King Henry and thus conspires on the side of the Percys.

Ned Poins, Bardolph, and Peto -  Criminals and highwaymen.

 Gadshill -  Another highwayman friend of Harry, Falstaff, and the rest.

Mistress Quickly -  Hostess of the Boar’s Head Tavern, a seedy dive in Eastcheap, London, where Falstaff and his friends go to drink.

Summary

Part I

 The play begins with the Funeral of Henry V, on the other hand a war was going on in France in which Talbot, a very energetic leader from English side, and the Joan of Arc, La Pucelle, from the France. The war resulted as the deaths of gallant Talbot and with his valliant Son Talbot near the Bordeaux. A very important event take place in the Temple garden confirms the opposition of Plantagent and York in the subsequent wars through the plucking of red and white roses. An arrangement for a marriage is arranged by earl of Suffolk between the Young Henry VI and Margaret of Anjou, daughter of king of Naples.

Part II

This part begins with Henry’s marriage to Margaret. Humphrey, duke of Gloucester, the lord protector becomes angry when he came to known about the giving of Anjou and Maine to Margaret’s father for her marriage. Eleanor, Humphrey’s wife is banished as a witch and Humphrey is arrested on a charge of high treason, against the king’s better judgement, and murdered. Suffolk is banished and, after a farewell to queen Margaret, murdered by pirates on the Kent Coast. Meanwhile, Richard, duke of York, pretender to the throne, instigates Jack Cade to rebellion; after considerable success, Cade is eventually killed by Alexander Iden, a Kentish gentleman. The final act concerns the Battle of St. Albans, in which Somerset is killed, a victory for the Yorkists.

Some Important Extracts from the Text

Part I

In those holy fields,
Over whose acres walked those blessed feet
Which fourteen hundred years ago were nailed
For our advantage on the bitter cross.
(King Henry IV, Act 1 Scene 1)

Thou art so fat-witted with drinking of old sack and unbuttoning thee after supper and sleeping upon benches in the afternoon, that thou hast forgotten to demand that truly which thou wouldst truly know.
(Prince Henry, Act 1 Scene 2)

Let us be Diana’s foresters, gentlemen of the shade, minions of the moon.
(Falstaff, Act 1 Scene 2)

Yet herein will I imitate the sun,
Who doth permit the base contagious clouds
To smother up his beauty from the world.
(Prince Henry, Act 1 Scene 2)

By heaven, methinks it were an easy leap,
To pluck bright honour from the pale-faced moon,
Or dive into the bottom of the deep,
Where fathom-line could never touch the ground,
And pluck up drowned honour by the locks.
(Hotspur, Act 1 Scene 3)

It would be argument for a week, laughter for a month, and a good jest for ever.
(Prince Henry, Act 2 Scene 2)

There lives not three good men unhanged in England, and one of them is fat and grows old.
(Falstaff, Act 2 Scene 4)

That trunk of humours, that bolting-hutch of beastliness, that swollen parcel of dropsies, that huge bombard of sack, that stuffed cloak-bag of guts, that roasted Manningtree ox with the pudding in his belly, that reverend Vice, that grey Iniquity, that father Ruffian, that Vanity in years?
(Prince Henry, Act 2 Scene 4)

Falstaff: Banish plump Jack, and banish all the world.
Prince Henry: I do, I will.
(Act 2 Scene 4)

While you live, tell truth and shame the devil!
(Hotspur, Act 3 Scene 1)

He was but as the cuckoo is in June,
Heard, not regarded.
(King Henry IV, Act 3 Scene 2)

This sickness doth infect
The very life-blood of our enterprise.
(Hotspur, Act 4 Scene 1)

Food for powder, food for powder. They’ll fill a pit as well as better.
(Falstaff, Act 4 Scene 2)

Can Honour set to a leg? No. Or an arm? No. Or take away the grief of a wound? No. Honour hath no skill in surgery then? No. What is Honour? A word. What is that word ‘honour’? Air.
(Falstaff, Act 5 Scene 1)

O, Harry, thou hast robbed me of my youth!
(Hotspur, Act 5 Scene 3)

Thy ignominy sleep with thee in the grave,
But not remembered in thy epitaph!
(Prince Henry, Act 5 Scene 4)

Part II

Rumour is a pipe
Blown by surmises, jealousies, conjectures
And of so easy and so plain a stop
That the blunt monster with uncounted heads,
The still-discordant wavering multitude,
Can play upon it.
(Rumour, Induction)

Let heaven kiss earth! Now let not Nature's hand
Keep the wild flood confined! Let order die!
And let this world no longer be a stage
To feed contention in a ling’ring act.
(Northumberland, Act 1 Scene 1)

I am not only witty in myself, but the cause that wit is in other men.
(Falstaff, Act 1 Scene 2)

Since all is well, keep it so: wake not a sleeping wolf.
(Lord Chief Justice, Act 1 Scene 2)

We are time’s subjects, and time bids be gone.
(Hastings, Act 1 Scene 3)

Past and to come, seem best; things present worst.
(Archbishop of York, Act 1 Scene 3)

He hath eaten me out of house and home.
(Hostess Quickly, Act 2 Scene 1)

Let the end try the man.
(Prince Henry, Act 2 Scene 2)

Thus we play the fools with the time, and the spirits of the wise sit in the clouds and mock us.
(Prince Henry, Act 2 Scene 2)

He was indeed the glass
Wherein the noble youth did dress themselves.
(Lady Percy, Act 2 Scene 3)

Uneasy lies the head that wears a crown.
(King Henry IV, Act 3 Scene 1)

A man can die but once: we owe a death.
(Feeble, Act 3 Scene 2)

We have heard the chimes at midnight.
(Falstaff, Act 3 Scene 2)

Thy wish was father, Harry, to that thought.
(King Henry IV, Act 4 Scene 2)

Commit
The oldest sins the newest kind of ways.
(King Henry IV, Act 4 Scene 4)

His cares are now all ended.
(Warwick, Act 5 Scene 2)

Falstaff: My king, my Jove! I speak to thee, my heart!
King Henry V: I know thee not, old man. Fall to thy prayers.
How ill white hairs become a fool and jester!
(Act 5 Scene 5)

Presume not that I am the thing I was.
(King Henry V, Act 5 Scene 5)

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